See -od on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "-o-",
"3": "-d",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "possessive suffix"
},
"expansion": "-o- (linking vowel) + -d (possessive suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -o- (linking vowel) + -d (possessive suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kor (“age”) + -od → korod (“your age”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"your (second-person singular informal, single possession)"
],
"id": "en--od-hu-suffix-hu:possessive",
"links": [
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) your (second-person singular informal, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[od]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-od"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "-o-",
"3": "-d",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "personal suffix"
},
"expansion": "-o- (linking vowel) + -d (personal suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -o- (linking vowel) + -d (personal suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "olvas (“to read”) + -od → olvasod (“you read something, you are reading something”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the definite second-person singular indicative present of verbs."
],
"id": "en--od-hu-suffix-hu:personal",
"links": [
[
"definite",
"Appendix:Glossary#definite"
],
[
"second-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#second person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) Forms the definite second-person singular indicative present of verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[od]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-od"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 22 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hat (“six”) + -od → hatod (“[one] sixth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a cardinal number to form a fraction. Variants: -d, -ad, -ed, -öd."
],
"id": "en--od-hu-suffix-hu:fraction",
"links": [
[
"-d",
"-d#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ad",
"-ad#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#Hungarian"
],
[
"-öd",
"-öd#Hungarian"
]
],
"qualifier": "fraction-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(fraction-forming suffix) Added to a cardinal number to form a fraction. Variants: -d, -ad, -ed, -öd."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:fraction"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[od]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-od"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gem-pro:*-ōdaz<id:adjectival>",
"id": "past participle"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōdaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-od\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-id=\"past participle\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"-od\" id=\"Old_English:_past_participle\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōdaz",
"4": "",
"pos": "adjective suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz (adjective suffix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-eh₂tos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōdaz",
"pos": "class 2 weak past participle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz (class 2 weak past participle)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a merger of Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz (adjective suffix) (from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos) and Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz (class 2 weak past participle).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-od",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-od",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-od",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-oda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-oda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-oda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-odum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ed",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ud",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-od"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ienne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-iġe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ode"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ast"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-odest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-aþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-iaþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-odon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-iġen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-oden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-iende"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 6 16 18 24 26 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lufian (“to love”) + -od → lufod (“loved”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ġeānian (“to unite”) + -od → ġeānod (“united”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the past participle of class II weak verbs"
],
"id": "en--od-ang-suffix-29n7sbw1",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 6 16 18 24 26 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hēafod (“head”) + -od → ġehēafdod (“headed; having a head”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from nouns and class 2 weak past participles, indicating the possession of a thing or a quality."
],
"id": "en--od-ang-suffix-2Um2wuBb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/od/"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 5 15 15 34 21 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 6 16 18 24 26 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate a softer or less serious example"
],
"id": "en--od-vo-suffix-xqSm-U7R",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 6 16 18 24 26 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 6 17 21 16 30 0 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 0 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "buwch (“cow”) + -od → buchod (“cows”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cath (“cat”) + -od → cathod (“cats”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "eliffant (“elephant”) + -od → eliffantod (“elephants”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "menyw (“woman”) + -od → menywod (“women”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Gwyddel (“Irish man”) + -od → Gwyddelod (“Irish people”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming plural nouns, -s"
],
"id": "en--od-cy-suffix-GPEjJi5M",
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
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{
"word": "-ed"
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{
"word": "-edd"
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{
"word": "-en"
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{
"word": "-i"
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{
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{
"word": "-iaid"
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{
"word": "-iau"
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{
"word": "-ion"
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{
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{
"word": "-on"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
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},
{
"form": "-odra",
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},
{
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{
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"Volapük suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate a softer or less serious example"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine suffixes",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "buwch (“cow”) + -od → buchod (“cows”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cath (“cat”) + -od → cathod (“cats”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "eliffant (“elephant”) + -od → eliffantod (“elephants”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "menyw (“woman”) + -od → menywod (“women”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Gwyddel (“Irish man”) + -od → Gwyddelod (“Irish people”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming plural nouns, -s"
],
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iadau"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔd/"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine suffixes",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-od",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dwrn (“fist”) + -od → dyrnod (“punch, thump”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cleddyf (“sword”) + -od → cleddyfod (“sword stroke, gash”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ffon (“stick”) + -od → ffonnod (“stroke with a stick, stripe”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blow, stroke"
],
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔd/"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine suffixes",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-awd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-od m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "rhyfedd (“strange, wondrous”) + -od → rhyfeddod (“wonder”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun having the characteristics of"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔd/"
}
],
"word": "-od"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -od meaning in All languages combined (16.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.